Panic Disorder: Most Popular Articles
These articles are the most popular over the last month.
DSM Axis
The DSM-IV-TR uses a five level diagnostic system to classify illnesses and disorders. Here you will learn about the five axis criteria used by mental health professionals.
The DSM-IV-TR uses a five level diagnostic system to classify illnesses and disorders. Here you will learn about the five axis criteria used by mental health professionals.
Maladaptive Behavior
What is maladaptive behavior?
What is maladaptive behavior?
Anxiety and Panic
The terms anxiety attack and panic attack are often used interchangeably. But, is there a difference between panic and anxiety? Find out the similarities and differences of these closely related terms.
The terms anxiety attack and panic attack are often used interchangeably. But, is there a difference between panic and anxiety? Find out the similarities and differences of these closely related terms.
PD Treatment
Panic disorder is a very treatable illness. Learn how psychotherapy and medications can help in your recovery from panic disorder.
Panic disorder is a very treatable illness. Learn how psychotherapy and medications can help in your recovery from panic disorder.
Panic Disorder Basics
What is Panic Disorder? Here you will learn the basics of Panic Disorder, including how its diagnosed and treated.
What is Panic Disorder? Here you will learn the basics of Panic Disorder, including how its diagnosed and treated.
PD Symptoms
The symptoms of panic disorder can be quite frightening. Here is a review of these symptoms.
The symptoms of panic disorder can be quite frightening. Here is a review of these symptoms.
Chemical Imbalance and PD
Panic disorder has been linked to chemical imbalances in the brain. Here you will find information about the brain’s communication process using chemical messengers and what chemicals have been associated with panic disorder.
Panic disorder has been linked to chemical imbalances in the brain. Here you will find information about the brain’s communication process using chemical messengers and what chemicals have been associated with panic disorder.
Tips to Reduce Stress
Stress and anxiety seem to go hand in hand –- increase one and the other will follow. Here you will find helpful tips to help you relieve some of your anxiety and feel more in control.
Stress and anxiety seem to go hand in hand –- increase one and the other will follow. Here you will find helpful tips to help you relieve some of your anxiety and feel more in control.
I Can't Breathe
Anxiety can cause symptoms of breathlessness. Most people describe this as a feeling that they can’t get enough air into their lungs or a sensation of smohthering. Why does this happen? What can you do about it?
Anxiety can cause symptoms of breathlessness. Most people describe this as a feeling that they can’t get enough air into their lungs or a sensation of smohthering. Why does this happen? What can you do about it?
Systematic Desensitization
Systematic desensitization involves using relaxation techniques to gradually become less sensitive to anxiety-provoking situations. Here you will find information about this technique and how it works.
Systematic desensitization involves using relaxation techniques to gradually become less sensitive to anxiety-provoking situations. Here you will find information about this technique and how it works.
What is Existentialism
Definition of existentialism
Definition of existentialism
Serotonin Syndrome
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration issued a warning about the increased risk of serotonin syndrome as a result of combining certain antidepressants with certain headache medications. But, the list of medications that have been implicated in an increased risk of serotonin syndrome is far more extensive. Here you will find information about the various medications that may pose a risk of SS, especially when combined.
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration issued a warning about the increased risk of serotonin syndrome as a result of combining certain antidepressants with certain headache medications. But, the list of medications that have been implicated in an increased risk of serotonin syndrome is far more extensive. Here you will find information about the various medications that may pose a risk of SS, especially when combined.
GI Symptoms
Gastrointestinal (GI) disturbances are common medical conditions that often include stomach pain, heartburn, diarrhea, constipation, nausea and vomiting. Here you will find information about how GI disturbances are associated with panic and other anxiety disorders.
Gastrointestinal (GI) disturbances are common medical conditions that often include stomach pain, heartburn, diarrhea, constipation, nausea and vomiting. Here you will find information about how GI disturbances are associated with panic and other anxiety disorders.
Agoraphobia
What is agoraphobia, and how is it related to panic disorder?
What is agoraphobia, and how is it related to panic disorder?
Depersonalization/Derealizatio
Depersonalization and derealization can be symptoms of a panic attack or extreme anxiety. These symptoms can be very disturbing, and leave you wondering if you are going insane. But, rest assured you are not. Here you will find information about depersonalization and derealization symptoms and treatment.
Depersonalization and derealization can be symptoms of a panic attack or extreme anxiety. These symptoms can be very disturbing, and leave you wondering if you are going insane. But, rest assured you are not. Here you will find information about depersonalization and derealization symptoms and treatment.
Deep Breathing
Improper breathing can upset the oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange in your body and contribute to anxiety, panic attacks, fatigue and other physical and emotional disturbances.
Improper breathing can upset the oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange in your body and contribute to anxiety, panic attacks, fatigue and other physical and emotional disturbances.
What is a Panic Attack?
A panic attack is a sudden and intense feeling of terror, fear or apprehension, without the presence of actual danger. But, not all panic attacks are alike. Learn about the different types of panic attacks and what symptoms may be experienced.
A panic attack is a sudden and intense feeling of terror, fear or apprehension, without the presence of actual danger. But, not all panic attacks are alike. Learn about the different types of panic attacks and what symptoms may be experienced.
Celexa
Celexa (citalopram) is an SSRI antidepressant commonly used for the treatment of panic disorder and other anxiety disorders. Here you will find information about Celexa (citalopram), including side effects and contraindications.
Celexa (citalopram) is an SSRI antidepressant commonly used for the treatment of panic disorder and other anxiety disorders. Here you will find information about Celexa (citalopram), including side effects and contraindications.
Living With PD
Living with panic disorder is not always easy. But there are ways you can manage the anxiety and panic in your life.
Living with panic disorder is not always easy. But there are ways you can manage the anxiety and panic in your life.
Thought Stopping
If you have panic disorder, anxiety or agoraphobia, your thoughts may be contributing to your symptoms. Many experts believe that our thoughts influence how we feel and how we behave. Thought stopping is an easy and effective way to regain control of your troubling thoughts and reduce your anxiety.
If you have panic disorder, anxiety or agoraphobia, your thoughts may be contributing to your symptoms. Many experts believe that our thoughts influence how we feel and how we behave. Thought stopping is an easy and effective way to regain control of your troubling thoughts and reduce your anxiety.
Reduce Morning Anxiety
Do you awaken filled with anxiety, feeling like you just want to curl up under the covers and not face the day ahead? If your answer is yes, then there are some things you can do to minimize your morning anxiety.
Do you awaken filled with anxiety, feeling like you just want to curl up under the covers and not face the day ahead? If your answer is yes, then there are some things you can do to minimize your morning anxiety.
Chronic Worry
Worry can be normal and even beneficial in certain circumstances, but worry becomes a problem when it is chronic, consuming and leads to anxious avoidance and inhibition. Chronic worry can make recovery from panic disorder, anxiety or agoraphobia more difficult.
Worry can be normal and even beneficial in certain circumstances, but worry becomes a problem when it is chronic, consuming and leads to anxious avoidance and inhibition. Chronic worry can make recovery from panic disorder, anxiety or agoraphobia more difficult.
PD Chest Pain
About 40% of people with panic/anxiety disorder experience pain in their chest. Chest pain or discomfort is listed in the DSM-IV-TR under the symptoms associated with a panic attack. Learn more about this often troubling symptom and its relation to panic disorder.
About 40% of people with panic/anxiety disorder experience pain in their chest. Chest pain or discomfort is listed in the DSM-IV-TR under the symptoms associated with a panic attack. Learn more about this often troubling symptom and its relation to panic disorder.
REBT
Rational emotive behavior therapy - REBT – is a cognitive behavioral technique developed by Dr. Albert Ellis. REBT is known to be effective for the treatment a variety of anxiety disorders, including panic disorder. Learn more about REBT, including therapy techniques and finding an REBT professional.
Rational emotive behavior therapy - REBT – is a cognitive behavioral technique developed by Dr. Albert Ellis. REBT is known to be effective for the treatment a variety of anxiety disorders, including panic disorder. Learn more about REBT, including therapy techniques and finding an REBT professional.
Loneliness
Science has shown that human beings have an innate need to feel connected. We are social beings with a fundamental need to belong. This need is not only essential to our growth and development when we are young, but continues to play a role in our overall sense of wellbeing throughout our lives. In fact, feelings of loneliness have been linked to a variety of mental and physical health consequences.
Science has shown that human beings have an innate need to feel connected. We are social beings with a fundamental need to belong. This need is not only essential to our growth and development when we are young, but continues to play a role in our overall sense of wellbeing throughout our lives. In fact, feelings of loneliness have been linked to a variety of mental and physical health consequences.
SSRIs
SSRIs are types of antidepressants that are commonly used to treat panic disorder. Here you will find information about how they work and possible side effects of SSRI medication therapy for panic disorder.
SSRIs are types of antidepressants that are commonly used to treat panic disorder. Here you will find information about how they work and possible side effects of SSRI medication therapy for panic disorder.
Reduce Worry
It’s normal to worry from time to time. Given life’s many unknowns and challenges, worry could be considered a very natural response to many situations. But chronic and all-consuming worry can be troublesome and interfere with our ability to function freely and calmly in our daily lives. More importantly, chronic worry can make your recovery from panic disorder, anxiety or agoraphobia more difficult.[/p]
It’s normal to worry from time to time. Given life’s many unknowns and challenges, worry could be considered a very natural response to many situations. But chronic and all-consuming worry can be troublesome and interfere with our ability to function freely and calmly in our daily lives. More importantly, chronic worry can make your recovery from panic disorder, anxiety or agoraphobia more difficult.[/p]
Fear and Anxiety
Fear and anxiety both produce similar responses to certain dangers. But, many experts believe that there are important differences between the two. Here is an explanation of the differences between fear and anxiety.
Fear and anxiety both produce similar responses to certain dangers. But, many experts believe that there are important differences between the two. Here is an explanation of the differences between fear and anxiety.
Prozac
Prozac (fluoxetine) is an SSRI antidepressant commonly used for the treatment of panic disorder and other anxiety disorders. Here you will find information about Prozac (fluoxetine), including its side effects.
Prozac (fluoxetine) is an SSRI antidepressant commonly used for the treatment of panic disorder and other anxiety disorders. Here you will find information about Prozac (fluoxetine), including its side effects.
CBM
Are negative thought patterns contributing to your anxiety and panic? Find out how you can use cognitive behavior modification to help your recovery from panic disorder.
Are negative thought patterns contributing to your anxiety and panic? Find out how you can use cognitive behavior modification to help your recovery from panic disorder.
GERD
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), or acid reflux disease, is a common health problem that causes heartburn and acid regurgitation from the stomach. Here you will find information about GERD, including symptoms, risks and complications associated with acid reflux disease.
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), or acid reflux disease, is a common health problem that causes heartburn and acid regurgitation from the stomach. Here you will find information about GERD, including symptoms, risks and complications associated with acid reflux disease.
DSM Diagnosis
The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV-TR) by the American Psychiatric Association is the system used in the United States to classify, describe and diagnosis mental disorders. Here you will find information about the DSM-IV-TR and the criteria used to diagnosis panic attacks and panic disorder.
The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV-TR) by the American Psychiatric Association is the system used in the United States to classify, describe and diagnosis mental disorders. Here you will find information about the DSM-IV-TR and the criteria used to diagnosis panic attacks and panic disorder.
Neurotransmitters
For optimal brain function, neurotransmitters (chemical messengers) must be carefully balanced and orchestrated. Here you will find information about the neurotransmitters associated with many psychological and behavioral illnesses, including panic disorder.
For optimal brain function, neurotransmitters (chemical messengers) must be carefully balanced and orchestrated. Here you will find information about the neurotransmitters associated with many psychological and behavioral illnesses, including panic disorder.
Benzodiazepines
Benzodiazepines are a class of medications commonly used to treat anxiety associated with panic disorder or other anxiety disorders. Here you will learn more about benzodiazepines, including precautions, side effects and potential for abuse or dependence.
Benzodiazepines are a class of medications commonly used to treat anxiety associated with panic disorder or other anxiety disorders. Here you will learn more about benzodiazepines, including precautions, side effects and potential for abuse or dependence.
Paxil Side Effects
Paxil (paroxetine) is an SSRI antidepressant commonly used for the treatment of panic disorder and other anxiety disorders. Here you will find information about Paxil (paroxetine), including side effects and contraindications.
Paxil (paroxetine) is an SSRI antidepressant commonly used for the treatment of panic disorder and other anxiety disorders. Here you will find information about Paxil (paroxetine), including side effects and contraindications.
Defense Mechanisms
Defense mechanisms can be barriers to change. On the surface they sometimes appear to help us reduce anxiety, but they can become a problem.
Defense mechanisms can be barriers to change. On the surface they sometimes appear to help us reduce anxiety, but they can become a problem.
Hyperventilation
Many people with panic disorder experience shortness of breath or sensations that they are smothering. Most people describe this as a feeling that they can’t get enough air into their lungs. Hyperventilation or over breathing may be contributing to your frightening symtpoms. Learn what you can do to breath easier.
Many people with panic disorder experience shortness of breath or sensations that they are smothering. Most people describe this as a feeling that they can’t get enough air into their lungs. Hyperventilation or over breathing may be contributing to your frightening symtpoms. Learn what you can do to breath easier.
PD Maladaptive Behaviors
Maladaptive behaviors refer to types of behaviors that inhibit a person’s ability to adjust to particular situations. Maladaptive behaviors are never good because they prevent people from adapting to the demands of life. If you experience frequent panic (anxiety) attacks and have been diagnosed with panic disorder or another anxiety disorder, you may have inadvertently developed maladaptive patterns of behavior to cope with your situation.
Maladaptive behaviors refer to types of behaviors that inhibit a person’s ability to adjust to particular situations. Maladaptive behaviors are never good because they prevent people from adapting to the demands of life. If you experience frequent panic (anxiety) attacks and have been diagnosed with panic disorder or another anxiety disorder, you may have inadvertently developed maladaptive patterns of behavior to cope with your situation.
Anticipatory Anxiety
If you have panic disorder, you may find yourself anxiously anticipating many life events -- driving to work, going into a store, attending a social gathering and many other activities. Anticipatory anxiety may cause you to feel so anxious that it interfere with your ability to fully function in your everyday life. Here you will learn how to deal with anticipatory anxiety.
If you have panic disorder, you may find yourself anxiously anticipating many life events -- driving to work, going into a store, attending a social gathering and many other activities. Anticipatory anxiety may cause you to feel so anxious that it interfere with your ability to fully function in your everyday life. Here you will learn how to deal with anticipatory anxiety.
PD Causes
Several theories have been developed to explain the cause of panic disorder. Here you will find information about the genetic, environmental, metabolic and biological influences believed to play a part in the development of panic disorder.
Several theories have been developed to explain the cause of panic disorder. Here you will find information about the genetic, environmental, metabolic and biological influences believed to play a part in the development of panic disorder.
PMR
Progressive muscle relaxation (PMR) is a stress and anxiety management technique. If you have panic disorder, agoraphobia or another type of anxiety disorder, you may experience frequent muscle tension that may be contributing to your anxiety. In fact, chronic muscle tension may be so automatic that it seems normal, and you may have forgotten what it feels like when your muscles are completely relaxed. Learn what progressive muscle relaxation is and how it can help you.
Progressive muscle relaxation (PMR) is a stress and anxiety management technique. If you have panic disorder, agoraphobia or another type of anxiety disorder, you may experience frequent muscle tension that may be contributing to your anxiety. In fact, chronic muscle tension may be so automatic that it seems normal, and you may have forgotten what it feels like when your muscles are completely relaxed. Learn what progressive muscle relaxation is and how it can help you.
Addiction and Dependence
Benzodiazepines are a class of medications commonly prescribed for the treatment of anxiety and panic attacks associated with panic disorder. Benzodiazepines can be physically and psychologically addicting. But, is physical dependence on a benzodiazepine the same as addiction?
Benzodiazepines are a class of medications commonly prescribed for the treatment of anxiety and panic attacks associated with panic disorder. Benzodiazepines can be physically and psychologically addicting. But, is physical dependence on a benzodiazepine the same as addiction?
PD Diagnosis
Learn what you need to know about how panic disorder is diagnosed.
Learn what you need to know about how panic disorder is diagnosed.
Fight or Flight
What is the fight or flight response and how is it related to panic disorder?
What is the fight or flight response and how is it related to panic disorder?
Panic Attack Self-Help
The symptoms of a panic attack usually happen suddenly, peak within 10 minutes and then subside. However, some attacks may last longer or may occur in succession, making it difficult to determine when one attack ends and another begins. But, there are some steps you can take that may stop a panic attack from escalating out-of-control and reduce your overall anxiety.
The symptoms of a panic attack usually happen suddenly, peak within 10 minutes and then subside. However, some attacks may last longer or may occur in succession, making it difficult to determine when one attack ends and another begins. But, there are some steps you can take that may stop a panic attack from escalating out-of-control and reduce your overall anxiety.
Diet and Panic Attacks
Is your diet increasing your anxiety and panic attacks?
Is your diet increasing your anxiety and panic attacks?
DSMIVTR
Definition of DSM-IV-TR
Definition of DSM-IV-TR
Benzodiazepine Abuse
Benzodiazepines are a class of medications commonly prescribed for the treatment of anxiety and panic attacks associated with panic disorder. Because benzodiazepines stimulate the brain’s reward or pleasure centers, they have the potential for abuse. Here you will find information about abuse, tolerance, dependence and addiction of benzodiazepines.
Benzodiazepines are a class of medications commonly prescribed for the treatment of anxiety and panic attacks associated with panic disorder. Because benzodiazepines stimulate the brain’s reward or pleasure centers, they have the potential for abuse. Here you will find information about abuse, tolerance, dependence and addiction of benzodiazepines.
Alcohol and Anxiety
Limited alcohol use is often considered acceptable in many situations. The occasional night cap to unwind, or the couple of celebratory drinks during a social gathering, are usually not problematic and may even be considered socially customary. But, studies have shown that if you have panic disorder or another anxiety disorder, you may be at risk of having co-occurring problem drinking.
Limited alcohol use is often considered acceptable in many situations. The occasional night cap to unwind, or the couple of celebratory drinks during a social gathering, are usually not problematic and may even be considered socially customary. But, studies have shown that if you have panic disorder or another anxiety disorder, you may be at risk of having co-occurring problem drinking.
CBT
The American Psychiatric Association recommends a form of psychotherapy called cognitive-behavioral therapy for the treatment of panic disorder. CBT combines the fundamental concepts of behavioral therapy and cognitive therapy. Here you will find information about these two types of therapy and how they are combined to form CBT.
The American Psychiatric Association recommends a form of psychotherapy called cognitive-behavioral therapy for the treatment of panic disorder. CBT combines the fundamental concepts of behavioral therapy and cognitive therapy. Here you will find information about these two types of therapy and how they are combined to form CBT.
Coping With Loneliness
It takes great effort and courage to confront loneliness. And, even greater effort and courage to make the necessary changes to find relief from its consuming grip. But, it is possible. And, your efforts will be greatly rewarded as you find it possible to feel a sense of connectedness and belonging with others. Here you will find some tips to get you started.
It takes great effort and courage to confront loneliness. And, even greater effort and courage to make the necessary changes to find relief from its consuming grip. But, it is possible. And, your efforts will be greatly rewarded as you find it possible to feel a sense of connectedness and belonging with others. Here you will find some tips to get you started.
Anger Attacks
Researchers have conducted studies on what they term “anger attacks” in depressed and anxious individuals. They conclude that there are certain similarities between anger attacks and panic attacks.
Researchers have conducted studies on what they term “anger attacks” in depressed and anxious individuals. They conclude that there are certain similarities between anger attacks and panic attacks.
Reduce Holiday Stress
Does the holiday season have you stressed out? Well, you’re not alone. Find out what others with panic disorder are saying about the holiday season and get their tips for a less stressful, and more enjoyable, holiday.
Does the holiday season have you stressed out? Well, you’re not alone. Find out what others with panic disorder are saying about the holiday season and get their tips for a less stressful, and more enjoyable, holiday.
Antidepressants Take Time
Studies have shown that antidepressants are effective in reducing or eliminating panic attacks and improving anticipatory anxiety and symptoms of agoraphobia. Unfortunately, antidepressants generally don’t result in an immediate relief of symptoms.
Studies have shown that antidepressants are effective in reducing or eliminating panic attacks and improving anticipatory anxiety and symptoms of agoraphobia. Unfortunately, antidepressants generally don’t result in an immediate relief of symptoms.
Physical Symptoms of PD
People with panic disorder usually experience physical symptoms associated with panic attacks and anxiety. Sometimes these physical symptoms send sufferers to emergency rooms and doctors offices in an attempt to uncover an underlying medical illness. Here you will find a brief overview of some of the common physical symptoms associated with panic attacks and anxiety.
People with panic disorder usually experience physical symptoms associated with panic attacks and anxiety. Sometimes these physical symptoms send sufferers to emergency rooms and doctors offices in an attempt to uncover an underlying medical illness. Here you will find a brief overview of some of the common physical symptoms associated with panic attacks and anxiety.
Biological Theories
A discussion of the biological theories of the cause of panic disorder.
A discussion of the biological theories of the cause of panic disorder.
FMLA
If you have panic disorder or another anxiety disorder, there is a good chance that your condition is chronic. At times, the intensity of your symptoms may affect your ability to carry out your usual employment duties, possibly resulting in your need to take a temporary medical leave of absence from work. Here you will find information about the Family Medical Leave Act (FMLA), including who's covered and what benefits may be available to you.
If you have panic disorder or another anxiety disorder, there is a good chance that your condition is chronic. At times, the intensity of your symptoms may affect your ability to carry out your usual employment duties, possibly resulting in your need to take a temporary medical leave of absence from work. Here you will find information about the Family Medical Leave Act (FMLA), including who's covered and what benefits may be available to you.
Control of Benzodiazepines
Benzodiazepines are a class of medications commonly used for their tranquilizing and anti-anxiety effects and are often used in the treatment of panic disorder. Benzodiazepines are considered a “Schedule IV controlled substance.” But, what exactly does that mean?
Benzodiazepines are a class of medications commonly used for their tranquilizing and anti-anxiety effects and are often used in the treatment of panic disorder. Benzodiazepines are considered a “Schedule IV controlled substance.” But, what exactly does that mean?
Normal and Problem Anxiety
An infinite number of human experiencescause anxiety. Everyone experiences anxiety at one time or another, and it is beneficial in certain situations. But, for many people, anxiety becomes a problem. Here you will find information to help you learn to distinguish between the normal and problem anxiety in your life.
An infinite number of human experiencescause anxiety. Everyone experiences anxiety at one time or another, and it is beneficial in certain situations. But, for many people, anxiety becomes a problem. Here you will find information to help you learn to distinguish between the normal and problem anxiety in your life.
Panic Disorder - Articles
An index of articles for the Panic Disorder guide site.
An index of articles for the Panic Disorder guide site.
What is Elimination Half Life
Definition of elimination half life of medication
Definition of elimination half life of medication
Lactic Acid
Definition of Lactic Acid
Definition of Lactic Acid
Definition of Enema
Definition of enema
Definition of enema
IBS
Irritable bowel syndrome, often termed IBS, is not a specific disease, but is used to describe a group of gastrointestinal symptoms. Irritable Bowel Syndrome has been associated with panic and other anxiety disorders. Here you will find information about Irritable Bowel Syndrome, including common symptoms and how it is diagnosed.
Irritable bowel syndrome, often termed IBS, is not a specific disease, but is used to describe a group of gastrointestinal symptoms. Irritable Bowel Syndrome has been associated with panic and other anxiety disorders. Here you will find information about Irritable Bowel Syndrome, including common symptoms and how it is diagnosed.
What is Serotonin Syndrome?
Serotonin syndrome, or serotonin toxicity, is a rare condition caused by dangerously high levels of serotonin in the brain. It can be potentially life-threatening. It is generally caused by mixing two or more medications that affect serotonin levels in the brain. Here you will find information about the symptoms, treatment and prevention of serotonin syndrome.
Serotonin syndrome, or serotonin toxicity, is a rare condition caused by dangerously high levels of serotonin in the brain. It can be potentially life-threatening. It is generally caused by mixing two or more medications that affect serotonin levels in the brain. Here you will find information about the symptoms, treatment and prevention of serotonin syndrome.
Understanding the Fear
What is it like to experience the fear associated with panic disorder?
What is it like to experience the fear associated with panic disorder?
CBT Techniques for PD
Cognitive behavioral therapy is commonly used for the treatment of panic disorder. Here you will find information about CBT along with some of the CBT techniques that may behelpful in the treatment of PD.
Cognitive behavioral therapy is commonly used for the treatment of panic disorder. Here you will find information about CBT along with some of the CBT techniques that may behelpful in the treatment of PD.
Children and Anxiety
Anxiety disorders are common psychiatric illnesses that generally cause feelings of fear or distress in certain situations. Children -- even very young children -- are not immune to developing panic disorder or another type of anxiety disorder. If the symptoms are left unrecognized and untreated, young sufferers may experience academic difficulties, social and interpersonal problems and trouble adjusting to new life experiences.
Anxiety disorders are common psychiatric illnesses that generally cause feelings of fear or distress in certain situations. Children -- even very young children -- are not immune to developing panic disorder or another type of anxiety disorder. If the symptoms are left unrecognized and untreated, young sufferers may experience academic difficulties, social and interpersonal problems and trouble adjusting to new life experiences.
Anxiety Attacks
“Anxiety attack” is not a formal, clinical term, but one that is used by many people to describe all sorts of things, from feeling worried about an upcoming event to intense feelings of terror or fear that would meet the diagnostic criteria for a panic attack.
“Anxiety attack” is not a formal, clinical term, but one that is used by many people to describe all sorts of things, from feeling worried about an upcoming event to intense feelings of terror or fear that would meet the diagnostic criteria for a panic attack.
MAOIs
Monoamine oxidase inhibitors are a class of antidepressants that were developed in the 1950s. They may be used for the treatment of depression and anxiety disorders, especially when treatment with other classes of antidepressants have failed to produce results.
Monoamine oxidase inhibitors are a class of antidepressants that were developed in the 1950s. They may be used for the treatment of depression and anxiety disorders, especially when treatment with other classes of antidepressants have failed to produce results.
Did I Have a Panic Attack
I recently had what I think was a panic attack. Does this mean I have panic disorder?
I recently had what I think was a panic attack. Does this mean I have panic disorder?
Zoloft
Zoloft (sertraline HCl) is an SSRI antidepressant manufactured by Pfizer. It was first marketed as a treatment for depression in 1992 and is currently FDA approved for the treatment of panic disorder. Here you will find information about Zoloft/sertraline, including possible side effects and precautions.
Zoloft (sertraline HCl) is an SSRI antidepressant manufactured by Pfizer. It was first marketed as a treatment for depression in 1992 and is currently FDA approved for the treatment of panic disorder. Here you will find information about Zoloft/sertraline, including possible side effects and precautions.
Fear of Leaving the House
If you have a fear of leaving your house, it is probable that you have an intense fear of being in certain situations in which escape is difficult or potentially embarrassing, or where help is not readily available. How can you overcome this type of fear?
If you have a fear of leaving your house, it is probable that you have an intense fear of being in certain situations in which escape is difficult or potentially embarrassing, or where help is not readily available. How can you overcome this type of fear?
Common Dietary Triggers
About 50 to 66% of women and 35 to 40% of men who have panic disorder suffer from frequent headaches. And, people with panic disorder are up to seven times more likely to suffer the most severe of all headaches: migraine. Some experts believe that there is an association between headaches and food triggers. Here you will find information about the relationship between headaches and certain foods, including how small dietary changes can alleviate this painful problem.
About 50 to 66% of women and 35 to 40% of men who have panic disorder suffer from frequent headaches. And, people with panic disorder are up to seven times more likely to suffer the most severe of all headaches: migraine. Some experts believe that there is an association between headaches and food triggers. Here you will find information about the relationship between headaches and certain foods, including how small dietary changes can alleviate this painful problem.
What is psychosis?
What is psychosis?
What is psychosis?
Dating Anxiety
If you’re single and looking for love, you’re likely familiar with the usual anxieties associated with dating. Most of us feel at least a little nervous when starting a new relationship. If you’re anxious about dating, here are some tips to help you relax and have fun.
If you’re single and looking for love, you’re likely familiar with the usual anxieties associated with dating. Most of us feel at least a little nervous when starting a new relationship. If you’re anxious about dating, here are some tips to help you relax and have fun.
Classical Conditioning
Ivan Pavlov is known for his theory of classical conditioning as a reaction that is learned through the pairing of stimuli (motivations). This theory is often used to explaine how fears and phobias develop.
Ivan Pavlov is known for his theory of classical conditioning as a reaction that is learned through the pairing of stimuli (motivations). This theory is often used to explaine how fears and phobias develop.
Irrational Beliefs
One theory of how we perceive the world and act within it is a result of our underlying belief system. This belief system develops from early childhood, based on input from significant others in our lives and our own life experiences. However, developing a belief system is not always a rational process.
One theory of how we perceive the world and act within it is a result of our underlying belief system. This belief system develops from early childhood, based on input from significant others in our lives and our own life experiences. However, developing a belief system is not always a rational process.
Antidepressants and Weight Gai
One common and troubling side effect with antidepressant therapy is weight gain. Learn the steps you can take to deal with this troubling side effect.
One common and troubling side effect with antidepressant therapy is weight gain. Learn the steps you can take to deal with this troubling side effect.
How to Stop Worrying
Can a person actually learn how to stop worrying? The answer is yes. Here you will find information about how you can stop worrying.
Can a person actually learn how to stop worrying? The answer is yes. Here you will find information about how you can stop worrying.
Self-Modification Program
Self-modification programs have been successful in helping people cope with panic attacks as a result of panic disorder. The aim of using such programs is to enhance your coping skills when dealing with frightening, or panic-triggering, situations
Self-modification programs have been successful in helping people cope with panic attacks as a result of panic disorder. The aim of using such programs is to enhance your coping skills when dealing with frightening, or panic-triggering, situations
Headache Symptoms
If you have panic disorder, you may experience frequent headache symptoms. These troubling symptoms can range from moderate throbbing to a debilitating migraine. Here you will find information about headaches and panic disorder.
If you have panic disorder, you may experience frequent headache symptoms. These troubling symptoms can range from moderate throbbing to a debilitating migraine. Here you will find information about headaches and panic disorder.
Who Treats PD?
What kind of doctors or other healthcare providers treat panic disorder? What do those letters after my doctor's or therapist's name mean?
What kind of doctors or other healthcare providers treat panic disorder? What do those letters after my doctor's or therapist's name mean?
PD Risk Factors
Research has identified certain risk factors associated with developing panic disorder. Here you will find information about the know risk factors for the development of panic disorder.
Research has identified certain risk factors associated with developing panic disorder. Here you will find information about the know risk factors for the development of panic disorder.
Cognitive Distortions
If you have panic disorder, agoraphobia or another anxiety disorder, cognitive (thought) distortions may be perpetuating your symptoms and hampering your recovery.
If you have panic disorder, agoraphobia or another anxiety disorder, cognitive (thought) distortions may be perpetuating your symptoms and hampering your recovery.
What is a Neuron?
Definition of neuron
Definition of neuron
Psychomotor Agitation
What is psychomotor agitation?
What is psychomotor agitation?
Using SD to Conquer Your Fears
Systematic Desensitization is a technique used to manage anxiety, panic attacks and phobias. Here you will find information about how to use systematic desensitization to conquer your fears.
Systematic Desensitization is a technique used to manage anxiety, panic attacks and phobias. Here you will find information about how to use systematic desensitization to conquer your fears.
Mitral Valve Prolapse
MVP involves an abnormality of the mitral valve that allows blood to leak back through the valve opening. Some studies suggest that people with panic disorder, or other anxiety disorders, are more likely to have MVP. Many people with MVP have no symptoms. But, for others, symptoms may include chest pain, heart palpitations, shortness of breath and other disturbing sensations.
MVP involves an abnormality of the mitral valve that allows blood to leak back through the valve opening. Some studies suggest that people with panic disorder, or other anxiety disorders, are more likely to have MVP. Many people with MVP have no symptoms. But, for others, symptoms may include chest pain, heart palpitations, shortness of breath and other disturbing sensations.
Support Tips
Tips for Supporting a Loved One With Panic Disorder and Agoraphobia
Tips for Supporting a Loved One With Panic Disorder and Agoraphobia
Living a Normal Life With PD
I was just diagnosed with panic disorder. Will I ever be able to have a normal life and do the things I used to do?
I was just diagnosed with panic disorder. Will I ever be able to have a normal life and do the things I used to do?
PD and Heart Disease
British researchers suggest a possible risk between panic disorder and coronary heart disease (CHD) and acute myocardial infarction (MI).
British researchers suggest a possible risk between panic disorder and coronary heart disease (CHD) and acute myocardial infarction (MI).
Alcohol/Drug Abuse
Abusing alcohol or other drugs to control stress and anxiety is classified as a maladaptive behavior because it provides only temporary relief and actually may create more long-term problems. Substance abuse does not fix the underlying problem and long-term alcohol or drug abuse can lead to tolerance, dependence, and for some, addiction.
Abusing alcohol or other drugs to control stress and anxiety is classified as a maladaptive behavior because it provides only temporary relief and actually may create more long-term problems. Substance abuse does not fix the underlying problem and long-term alcohol or drug abuse can lead to tolerance, dependence, and for some, addiction.
Coping Skills
Enhancing your coping techniques can help you deal with anxiety-provoking situations. Here you will find tips to help you make the most of your coping skills.
Enhancing your coping techniques can help you deal with anxiety-provoking situations. Here you will find tips to help you make the most of your coping skills.
Anxiety vs Panic
Is there a difference between an anxiety attack and a panic attack?
Is there a difference between an anxiety attack and a panic attack?
Anxiety Disorders
Problem anxiety may lead to an anxiety disorder. Here you will find information about the anxiety disorders identified in the DSM-IV-TR.
Problem anxiety may lead to an anxiety disorder. Here you will find information about the anxiety disorders identified in the DSM-IV-TR.
MAOIs and Diet
MAOI treatment requires certain dietary precautions. Here you will find which foods and beverages to avoid while taking MAOIs.
MAOI treatment requires certain dietary precautions. Here you will find which foods and beverages to avoid while taking MAOIs.
What Is the Alimentary Canal?
Definition of Alimentary Canal
Definition of Alimentary Canal
Top 4 Signs of Panic Disorder
What are the signs of panic disorder? Here you will learn the top 4 signs of panic disorder.
What are the signs of panic disorder? Here you will learn the top 4 signs of panic disorder.
Neurosis
Definition of Neurosis
Definition of Neurosis
Depression and Anxiety
Symptoms of depression and anxiety often co-occur in certain disorders. Here you will find information about symptoms and treatments for depression and anxiety.
Symptoms of depression and anxiety often co-occur in certain disorders. Here you will find information about symptoms and treatments for depression and anxiety.
Panic Disorder
Am I experiencing the symptoms of panic disorder?
Am I experiencing the symptoms of panic disorder?
Reduce Anxiety and Stress
Progressive muscle relaxation is a stress and anxiety management technique. Learn how you can reduce anxiety by using this simple exercise.
Progressive muscle relaxation is a stress and anxiety management technique. Learn how you can reduce anxiety by using this simple exercise.
Tips for the Support Person
Are you supporting a friend or loved one with panic disorder or agoraphobia? If so, you may find these tips helpful.
Are you supporting a friend or loved one with panic disorder or agoraphobia? If so, you may find these tips helpful.
What Is GABA?
Definition of GABA
Definition of GABA
Definition
Definition of substernal
Definition of substernal
Psychotherapy for PD
Psychological interventions are often used for the treatment of panic disorder. Here you will find some common interventions that are thought to be beneficial in reducing panic attacks and agoraphobia.
Psychological interventions are often used for the treatment of panic disorder. Here you will find some common interventions that are thought to be beneficial in reducing panic attacks and agoraphobia.
COMT Study
In a study published in the August, 2008 issue of Behavioral Neuroscience, researchers looked at common variations of the gene COMT (catechol-O-methyltransferase) as a possible suspect in the development of anxiety disorders, including panic disorder.
In a study published in the August, 2008 issue of Behavioral Neuroscience, researchers looked at common variations of the gene COMT (catechol-O-methyltransferase) as a possible suspect in the development of anxiety disorders, including panic disorder.
What Is Tunnel Vision?
What is tunnel vision?
What is tunnel vision?
Anger Management
It’s not unusual for people with panic disorder, agoraphobia or another anxiety disorder to experience frustration because of their condition. Sometimes this frustration can develop into anger –- anger toward yourself, anger at your situation or anger toward others. Here you will find tips to develop an anger management plan to help you express your feelings constructively.
It’s not unusual for people with panic disorder, agoraphobia or another anxiety disorder to experience frustration because of their condition. Sometimes this frustration can develop into anger –- anger toward yourself, anger at your situation or anger toward others. Here you will find tips to develop an anger management plan to help you express your feelings constructively.
PD Support Network
If you have panic disorder, agoraphobia or another anxiety disorder, having a good support system can be a critical part of your recovery. Your support system should be based on your individual needs and recovery goals. By following these steps, you can take an active role in building a support system that will aid your recovery from panic disorder
If you have panic disorder, agoraphobia or another anxiety disorder, having a good support system can be a critical part of your recovery. Your support system should be based on your individual needs and recovery goals. By following these steps, you can take an active role in building a support system that will aid your recovery from panic disorder
TCAs
Tricyclic antidepressants have been around since the late 1950s. They may be used to treat major depression, panic disorder, other anxiety disorders and a variety of other conditions. Here you will find information about the side effects, precautions and contraindications of TCA therapy.
Tricyclic antidepressants have been around since the late 1950s. They may be used to treat major depression, panic disorder, other anxiety disorders and a variety of other conditions. Here you will find information about the side effects, precautions and contraindications of TCA therapy.
PD and Medical Conditions
Certain medical conditions have been identified as being more prevalent in those with panic disorder that in their non-panic counterparts. The comorbidity (two illnesses or diseases co-existing) of certain medical conditions with panic disorder may complicate treatment strategies. Here you will find information about some of the medical conditions that often co-occur with PD.
Certain medical conditions have been identified as being more prevalent in those with panic disorder that in their non-panic counterparts. The comorbidity (two illnesses or diseases co-existing) of certain medical conditions with panic disorder may complicate treatment strategies. Here you will find information about some of the medical conditions that often co-occur with PD.
Definition of hallucinations
What are Hallucinations?
What are Hallucinations?
Avoiding Feared Situations
Maladaptive behaviors refer to types of behaviors that inhibit a person’s ability to adjust to particular situations. Maladaptive behaviors are never good because they prevent people from adapting to the demands of life. Maladaptive behaviors are often used to reduce anxiety, but the result is dysfunctional and non-productive.
Maladaptive behaviors refer to types of behaviors that inhibit a person’s ability to adjust to particular situations. Maladaptive behaviors are never good because they prevent people from adapting to the demands of life. Maladaptive behaviors are often used to reduce anxiety, but the result is dysfunctional and non-productive.
Panic Diary
If you have panic disorder or agoraphobia, a behavioral diary may help you to identify your panic attack triggers and your responses to anxiety-provoking situations.
If you have panic disorder or agoraphobia, a behavioral diary may help you to identify your panic attack triggers and your responses to anxiety-provoking situations.
Tips for a Better Sleep
Poor sleep patterns and insomnia are known to cause a variety of psychological and physical complaints. These include headaches, decreased energy, poor concentration, short-term memory problems, irritability and anxiety. By regulating your sleep patterns, you can reduce anxiety and improve your ability to carry out your daily activities.
Poor sleep patterns and insomnia are known to cause a variety of psychological and physical complaints. These include headaches, decreased energy, poor concentration, short-term memory problems, irritability and anxiety. By regulating your sleep patterns, you can reduce anxiety and improve your ability to carry out your daily activities.
What is an Echocardiogram?
What is an echocardiogram?
What is an echocardiogram?
What Is Auditory Exclusion?
Definition of auditory exclusion.
Definition of auditory exclusion.
lonelinesspd
Loneliness is a feeling. It has often been defined as a feeling of disconnectedness or isolation. All humans can, and probably do, experience loneliness from time to time. If you are experiencing loneliness, there are some steps you can take to reclaim your connection with others.
Loneliness is a feeling. It has often been defined as a feeling of disconnectedness or isolation. All humans can, and probably do, experience loneliness from time to time. If you are experiencing loneliness, there are some steps you can take to reclaim your connection with others.
Relaxation Techniques
By leaning and practicing relaxation techniques, you will be able to reduce the level of your anxiety and panic attacks. You may even be able to defuse an attack in the making. Here you will find information about some popular relaxation techniques.
By leaning and practicing relaxation techniques, you will be able to reduce the level of your anxiety and panic attacks. You may even be able to defuse an attack in the making. Here you will find information about some popular relaxation techniques.
Definition of the Anus
Definition of anus
Definition of anus
What is Internalization?
What is internalization?
What is internalization?
Choosing A Therapist
There are many qualified therapists available, but being qualified doesn’t, necessarily, translate to a good fit for every individual. Choosing the right therapist is not an easy, clear-cut decision. Making this choice is a very personal experience, based on your own unique needs and characteristics.
There are many qualified therapists available, but being qualified doesn’t, necessarily, translate to a good fit for every individual. Choosing the right therapist is not an easy, clear-cut decision. Making this choice is a very personal experience, based on your own unique needs and characteristics.
Definition of a Mixed Episode
What is a mixed episode
What is a mixed episode
PD and GAD
Panic disorder and GAD are both anxiety-related illnesses identified in the DSM-IV-TR. Although they share some common symptoms, including excessive worry, they are distinct illnesses. How can you tell the difference between panic disorder and GAD?
Panic disorder and GAD are both anxiety-related illnesses identified in the DSM-IV-TR. Although they share some common symptoms, including excessive worry, they are distinct illnesses. How can you tell the difference between panic disorder and GAD?
Keeping Your Panic a Secret
Many people with panic disorder or other anxiety disorders go to great lengths to keep their illness a secret. Although they may disclose their condition to a few select friends or family members, the majority of people in their lives may not have any knowledge of the difficulties they are going through. Many suffer quietly, feeling the need to avoid disclosing their secret at all costs.
Many people with panic disorder or other anxiety disorders go to great lengths to keep their illness a secret. Although they may disclose their condition to a few select friends or family members, the majority of people in their lives may not have any knowledge of the difficulties they are going through. Many suffer quietly, feeling the need to avoid disclosing their secret at all costs.
Food Diary
Some people find problem headaches or migraines and panic disorder, anxiety, and stress, go hand-in-hand. Keeping a food diary to track your headache symptoms will help you to identify what foods or substances you may want to avoid or limit.
Some people find problem headaches or migraines and panic disorder, anxiety, and stress, go hand-in-hand. Keeping a food diary to track your headache symptoms will help you to identify what foods or substances you may want to avoid or limit.
Agora Safe Zone
If you have agoraphobia, avoidance behaviors often multiply quickly, and daily life becomes defined by a “safe zone.” The safe zone includes the places, situations or events that bring about the least amount of anxiety. Going outside of the safe zone is extremely difficult and distressing.
If you have agoraphobia, avoidance behaviors often multiply quickly, and daily life becomes defined by a “safe zone.” The safe zone includes the places, situations or events that bring about the least amount of anxiety. Going outside of the safe zone is extremely difficult and distressing.
Helping Others Understand
Panic disorder is not easy to understand. Some days, you may feel almost normal and are able to go about your daily routine. Other days, you may find yourself unable to complete even the simplest tasks. People who have never experienced recurrent panic attacks, would probably find the whole concept of PD bewildering.
Panic disorder is not easy to understand. Some days, you may feel almost normal and are able to go about your daily routine. Other days, you may find yourself unable to complete even the simplest tasks. People who have never experienced recurrent panic attacks, would probably find the whole concept of PD bewildering.
Symptoms of a Panic Attack
What are the symptoms of a panic attack?
What are the symptoms of a panic attack?
Anxiety
Anxiety is often associated with several disorders. What are the symptoms of anxiety? Learn them here.
Anxiety is often associated with several disorders. What are the symptoms of anxiety? Learn them here.
What Is Norepinephrine?
An explanation of the neurotransmitter, norepinephrine.
An explanation of the neurotransmitter, norepinephrine.
What Is the CNS?
Definition of central nervous system
Definition of central nervous system
Definition of Delusions
What are delusions?
What are delusions?
Serotonin
What is serotonin?
What is serotonin?
Fight or Flight Response
What is the Flight-or-Flight Response?
What is the Flight-or-Flight Response?
Psychomotor Retardation
What is psychomotor retardation?
What is psychomotor retardation?
Depression
We’ve all felt “sad” or “blue” at one time or another. Rare bouts of depression that last only a few days are usually not a problem for most people. But, clinical depression is a different story. Here you will find information about the signs, symptoms, diagnosis and treatments for depression.
We’ve all felt “sad” or “blue” at one time or another. Rare bouts of depression that last only a few days are usually not a problem for most people. But, clinical depression is a different story. Here you will find information about the signs, symptoms, diagnosis and treatments for depression.
What are Antidepressants?
As the name implies, antidepressants were initially used for the treatment of depression. It soon became evident, however, that in addition to improving one’s mood, antidepressants had an anti-panic and anti-anxiety effect on those with anxiety-related problems.
As the name implies, antidepressants were initially used for the treatment of depression. It soon became evident, however, that in addition to improving one’s mood, antidepressants had an anti-panic and anti-anxiety effect on those with anxiety-related problems.
Sympathetic Nervous System
What is the sympathetic nervous system?
What is the sympathetic nervous system?
PFPP Study
Researchers conducted a small but significant study involving the effectiveness of panic-focused psychodynamic psychotherapy (PFPP). The study demonstrates that PFPP is promising as a therapeutic approach in treating panic disorder.
Researchers conducted a small but significant study involving the effectiveness of panic-focused psychodynamic psychotherapy (PFPP). The study demonstrates that PFPP is promising as a therapeutic approach in treating panic disorder.
GAD
Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) is an illness associated with excessive worry about everyday life events. It's symptoms can be consuming and greatly interfere with one's life and well-being. Here you will find an overview of GAD and its symptoms.
Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) is an illness associated with excessive worry about everyday life events. It's symptoms can be consuming and greatly interfere with one's life and well-being. Here you will find an overview of GAD and its symptoms.
Antidepressants and Suicide
The association of increased suicidal thoughts, especially among adolescents, with antidepressant treatment has been a center of attention and controversy in recent years. Here you will find information about the connection between antidepressants and suicide risk.
The association of increased suicidal thoughts, especially among adolescents, with antidepressant treatment has been a center of attention and controversy in recent years. Here you will find information about the connection between antidepressants and suicide risk.
Manic Episode Defined
What is a manic episode?
What is a manic episode?
Insomnia
Definition of insomnia.
Definition of insomnia.
Panic Disorder - HowTos
An index of HowTos for the Panic Disorder guide site.
An index of HowTos for the Panic Disorder guide site.
What is a Stethoscope?
What is a stethoscope?
What is a stethoscope?
What is Dopamine?
Definition of Dopamine
Definition of Dopamine
Anxiety Disorder
What is an anxiety disorder?
What is an anxiety disorder?